Taug kev mus rau txhua txoj kev loj ntawm lub khw muag khoom loj thiab koj yuav pomgelatin noj taunyob ntsiag to tuav ua ke ib feem xav tsis thoob ntawm yam peb noj thiab noj ua tshuaj - gummies, marshmallows, yogurt, khoom qab zib, thiab cov tshuaj ntsiav mos hauv koj lub raj mis tshuaj ntxiv. Txawm li cas los xij, rau qee yam uas pom ntau heev, muaj ob peb tus neeg tsim cov tshuaj paub tseeb tias daim tawv tsiaj lossis pob txha tawv li cas thiaj li ua rau cov hmoov uas tsis muaj ntxhiab, yaj tau sai.
Kev nkag siab txog kev ua cov gelatin noj tau pab cov chaw tsim khoom noj soj ntsuam kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom, kev sib xws ntawm cov khoom, thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm kev tsim khoom. Qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom siv raw, kev kho ua ntej, cov xwm txheej rho tawm, kev ntxuav, kev ziab, thiab kev sib xyaw ua ke tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau lub zog ntawm gel, viscosity, clarity, xim, tsw, thiab tus cwj pwm hydration. Qhov no yog vim li cas ob yam khoom gelatin nrog tib lub zog gel yuav tseem ua haujlwm sib txawv thaum sib tov, ua noj, tso, lossis teeb tsa. Phau ntawv qhia no piav qhia txog cov txheej txheem tag nrho los ntawm cov collagen nyoos mus rau cov khoom noj tiav gelatin, nrog rau cov lus siv uas feem ntau ntsib thaum xaiv gelatin.
Gelatin Noj Tau Yog Dab Tsi?
Cov gelatin noj tau yog cov protein tau los ntawm kev hydrolysis ib feem ntawm collagen - cov protein uas pom muaj nyob rau hauv daim tawv nqaij, pob txha, thiab cov nqaij sib txuas ntawm cov tsiaj. Nws tsis yog cov khoom siv ntxiv. Thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom, cov qauv collagen raug rhuav tshem ib feem mus rau hauv cov protein saw uas tuaj yeem hydrate hauv dej, yaj hauv qab kev tswj cua sov, thiab tsim cov gel thermoreversible thaum cov tshuaj txias. Tus cwj pwm no muab gelatin nws cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb hauv cov khoom xws li gummies, marshmallows, jellies, thiab cov khoom qab zib mis nyuj.
Muaj ob tsev neeg ua lag luam, txhais los ntawm yuav ua li cas cov collagen nyoos raug kho ua ntej rho tawm:
- Hom A (kev kho ua ntej kua qaub): tsim los ntawm kev kho ua ntej kua qaub ntawm cov khoom siv raw uas muaj collagen ntau. Hom A gelatin feem ntau muaj qhov isoelectric point siab dua, feem ntau nyob hauv kwv yees li pH 7–9, nyob ntawm cov khoom siv raw thiab cov xwm txheej tsim khoom.
- Hom B (kev kho ua ntej alkali / txiv qaub ntsuab): tsim los ntawm kev kho ua ntej alkali, feem ntau siv cov kua qaub ntsuab lossis alkali uas tswj tau. Hom B gelatin feem ntau muaj qhov isoelectric qis dua, feem ntau nyob ib puag ncig pH 4.7–5.5.
Ob hom gelatin hom A thiab hom B tuaj yeem tsim ua cov khoom xyaw rau qib zaub mov thaum siv cov khoom siv raw thiab cov txheej txheem tswj zaub mov. Kev xaiv yuav tsum xav txog pH ntawm cov mis, lub zog ntawm Bloom, viscosity, qhov chaw tsiaj, kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov khoom xyaw, cov xwm txheej ua tiav, thiab cov kev cai pov thawj xws liHALAL los yog Kosher.
Collagen muaj cov qauv triple-helix uas pab txhawb rau lub zog ntawm cov nqaij sib txuas ntawm cov tsiaj. Thaum lub sijhawm tsim gelatin, kev kho ua ntej thiab kev rho tawm thermal tswj qee qhov cuam tshuam cov qauv no thiab tso tawm cov gelatin molecules nrog cov khoom faib molecular-weight sib txawv. Lub zog gel tiav thiab viscosity yog cuam tshuam los ntawm ntau yam, suav nrog cov khoom siv raw, kev siv zog ua ntej, qhov kub thiab txias rho tawm, lub sijhawm rho tawm, feem rho tawm, kev raug cua sov, thiab tom qab ntawd sib xyaw. Txawm tias gelatin tsim los ntawm tib pawg khoom siv raw dav dav tuaj yeem qhia txog cov yam ntxwv ua haujlwm sib txawv.
Vim Li Cas Cov Txheej Txheem Tsim Khoom Thiaj Li Txheeb Xyuas Qhov Zoo
Cov yam ntxwv ua haujlwm ntawm gelatin raug teeb tsa thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom. Tsib theem txheej txheem tseem ceeb tshaj plaws:
- Kev xaiv cov khoom siv raw & kev taug qab. Cov gelatin qib zaub mov yuav tsum tau tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv raw uas muaj collagen ntau uas tau pom zoo uas tsim nyog rau lub khw uas xav tau thiab txhawb nqa los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv taug qab tsim nyog. Nyob ntawm qhov chaw tsiaj thiab lub khw mus rau qhov chaw, cov ntaub ntawv txhawb nqa yuav suav nrog cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm, cov ntaub ntawv kho tsiaj, daim ntawv pov thawj Halal lossis Kosher, thiab cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj txog kev pheej hmoo TSE/BSE rau cov khoom siv los ntawm nyuj.
- Kev kho ua ntej (kua qaub los yog alkali). Kev kho ua ntej yuav ntxuav thiab ua rau cov qauv collagen loj tuaj, ua rau nws tsim nyog rau kev rho tawm uas tswj tau. Kev kho ua ntej tsis txaus yuav txo qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev rho tawm lossis tso cov khoom tsis yog collagen uas tsis xav tau, thaum kev kho ntau dhau yuav ua rau cov saw protein puas tsuaj thiab cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau cov qoob loo, lub zog tawg paj, lossis viscosity.
- Kev rho tawm los ntawm dej kub. Collagen raug hydrolyzed hauv dej sov (feem ntau 50–80 °C) kom tso tawm gelatin. Qhov kub, lub sijhawm, thiab pH ntawm no teeb tsa qhov hnyav molecular - thiab yog li ntawd lub zog gel thiab viscosity ntawm cov khoom kawg.
- Kev ntxuav thiab kev ua kom sib xyaw. Cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo raug lim, tshem tawm cov ionized, thiab ua kom qhuav kom tshem tawm cov ntxhiab tsw, xim, thiab cov khoom tsis yaj. Kev tswj hwm nruj ntawm no yog qhov ua rau cov hmoov huv, tsawg-tshauv, thiab tsawg-microbiological.
- Kev ua kom tsis muaj kab mob, kev ziab, thiab kev sib tsoo. Txhua theem yuav tsum tau muaj kev tswj hwm kev ua haujlwm. Kev kho ua ntej tsis txaus yuav txo qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev rho tawm lossis ua rau muaj cov khoom tsis huv. Kev lim dej tsis txaus yuav cuam tshuam rau qhov meej, thaum kev raug cua sov ntau dhau thaum lub sijhawm sib sau ua ke lossis ziab yuav ua rau cov saw hlau protein puas tsuaj, txo qhov ua tau zoo, thiab ua rau muaj xim tsis zoo. Yog li ntawd, kev ntseeg siab ntawm kev tsim khoom yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam los ntawm cov txheej txheem sau tseg, cov ntaub ntawv teev cia, cov txheej txheem sim, COAs sib law liag, qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm daim ntawv pov thawj, thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev sim ntau lawm.
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, tsis muaj ib qho ntawm cov kauj ruam no yog xaiv tau. Kev hla lossis kev kho ua ntej sai sai yuav ua rau tsis muaj saj thiab tsis huv; kev lim dej tsis txaus yuav ua rau tsis pom kev; kev ziab caramel ntau dhau yuav ua rau cov protein thiab ua rau xim tsaus ntuj. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm tus neeg muag khoom txhim khu kev qha yog ua txhua tsib yam, txhua pawg, raws li tus qauv - yog vim li cas cov ntawv tshaj tawm kev tshuaj xyuas thiab cov neeg siv khoom siv tseem ceeb npaum li daim ntawv qhia tshwj xeeb.
Qhov twg cov hmoov xaus: Kev siv tiag tiag
Cov molecule yooj yim tib yam tshwm sim thoob plaws cov khoom sib txawv, yog vim li cas tus neeg muag khoom yooj ywm tseem ceeb:
Vim tias ib qib tuaj yeem pab tau ntau yam ntawm cov no ib zaug, ntau lub chaw tsim khoom siv tus qauv ntawm ib qib paj thoob plaws lawv cov khoom lag luam kom yooj yim rau kev yuav khoom thiab QC.
- Khoom qab zib. Cov khoom qab zib gummies, jelly candies, thiab marshmallows vam khom gelatin cov gel uas mos thiab yaj hauv qhov ncauj.
- Cov mis nyuj thiab khoom qab zib. Mis nyuj qaub (yogurt), mousses, thiab panna cotta siv cov gel zog qis dua rau qhov du, yooj yim rau kev sib xyaw yam tsis muaj kev sib xyaw.
- Cov tshuaj mos mos thiab cov tshuaj ntsiav tawv. Cov qib tswj tau viscosity tsim lub plhaub ntawm cov tshuaj ntsiav thiab lub matrix ntawm cov tshuaj mos mos (saib peb phau ntawv qhia txog cov tshuaj gelatin).
- Cov khoom noj khoom haus zoo thiab cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig. Cov khoom noj muaj protein, dej haus, thiab cov khoom qab zib xa cov collagen thiab cov khoom xyaw nquag los ntawm lub zog khi thiab gelling ntawm gelatin.
- Cov dej haus & cov khoom nqaij. Gelatin ua rau cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cawv txiv hmab ntshiab, teeb tsa aspics thiab terrines, thiab nqa collagen peptides hauv cov dej haus ua haujlwm rau kev thov protein huv.
Txij Li Cov Ribbons Mus Rau Cov Hmoov Uas Tso Tawm: Kev Tswj Xyuas Zoo
Kev tsim cov gelatin qhuav tsuas yog ib feem ntawm cov txheej txheem tsim khoom xwb. Ua ntej tso tawm, txhua qhov khoom tiav lawm yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam raws li cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb. Cov gelatin qib zaub mov yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam raws li cov cai zaub mov thiab cov lus qhia ntawm cov neeg siv khoom, thaum cov qib tshuaj yuav xav tau kev kuaj ntxiv raws li cov ntawv sau tshuaj. Cov txheej txheem sau tseg, cov khoom siv calibrated, cov ntaub ntawv taug qab, thiab kev ua tiav tas li txhawb nqa kev tso tawm ntau ntau.
Qhov ntsuas kev tsim khoom tuaj yeem txhawb nqa kev sib xws thaum nws raug muab tso ua ke nrog cov khoom siv txheem, kev tswj hwm cov khoom siv raw, cov txheej txheem tsim khoom, kev kuaj mob hauv chaw kuaj mob, thiab kev tswj hwm cov khoom siv. Rau cov chaw tsim khoom uas khiav tib cov mis tshuaj dhau lub voj voog tsim khoom ntev, kev sib xws ntawm cov khoom sib law liag feem ntau tseem ceeb dua li kev ntsuam xyuas tus nqi ib leeg. Yog li ntawd, cov neeg yuav khoom yuav tsum tshuaj xyuas ntau COAs, kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov qauv, kev kam rau siab, thiab cov txheej txheem tswj kev hloov pauv thaum ntsuam xyuas lub chaw tsim khoom gelatin.
Cov Kev Nkag Siab Yuam Kev, Tau Pom Tseeb Lawm
| Lo lus nug | Kev muaj tiag |
|---|---|
| Puas yog gelatin zoo ib yam li collagen peptides? | Tsis yog. Cov collagen peptides raug hydrolyzed ntxiv mus rau hauv cov peptides uas tsis gelling, soluble siv rau hauv dej haus; gelatin still gels. Cov khoom sib txawv, cov txheej txheem sib txawv. |
| Hom A thiab Hom B puas sib pauv tau? | Tsis yog txhua lub sijhawm. Lawv cov ntsiab lus isoelectric sib txawv hloov pauv gelling thiab kev sib cuam tshuam nrog cov kua qaub / actives - kev kuaj cov qauv yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntej pauv. |
| Puas yog tus lej Bloom siab dua txhais tau tias "zoo dua"? | Tsuas yog raws li koj xav tau xwb. Paj ntau dua = cov gel tawv dua ntawm qhov sib npaug, tab sis nws kuj kim dua thiab tej zaum yuav tsis haum rau cov ntawv thov mos mos. |
| Puas yog gelatin muaj kev nyab xeeb / ua raws li kev ntseeg? | Los ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus uas muaj daim ntawv pov thawj zoo, yog - suav nrog HALAL thiab Kosher qib. |
Cov Lus Nug Feem Ntau
Cov txheej txheem tsim khoom siv sijhawm ntev npaum li cas?
Lub sijhawm tsim khoom tag nrho nyob ntawm cov khoom siv raw thiab txoj kev kho ua ntej. Kev kho ua ntej siv kua qaub feem ntau luv dua, thaum kev kho ua ntej siv alkaline rau cov tawv nyuj lossis pob txha yuav siv sijhawm ntau lub lis piam. Kev rho tawm, kev ntxuav, kev sib sau ua ke, kev tua kab mob, kev ziab, kev sib xyaw, thiab kev kuaj cov khoom tiav lawm yuav tsum tau siv sijhawm ntxiv. Lub sijhawm ua lag luam kuj nyob ntawm kev teem sijhawm tsim khoom, kev ntim khoom, cov ntaub ntawv sau tseg, thiab cov kev cai tso tawm ntau ntau.
Puas yog gelatin ua tau los ntawm ntses lossis cov nroj tsuag?
Cov gelatin uas noj tau hauv khw yog ua los ntawm cov tsiaj collagen. Cov ntses gelatin muaj nyob (qhov kub qis dua, muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov khoom siv huab cua sov), thaum agar thiab carrageenan yog lwm txoj hauv kev los ua gelling los ntawm cov nroj tsuag - saib peb qhov kev sib piv ntawmgelatin noj tau vs agar. Gelken kuj tseem muab cov ntses gelatin rau cov qauv uas xav tau qhov melting point qis dua lossis keeb kwm tsis yog nyuj, yog li tus neeg sawv cev gelling zoo tuaj yeem phim rau koj qhov huab cua thiab kev thov.
Kuv yuav tsum kuaj xyuas dab tsi ntawm gelatin COA?
Lub zog tawg paj, viscosity, noo noo, tshauv, pH/IEP, suav cov kab mob me me, thiab cov hlau hnyav. Tshuaj xyuas ntau pawg, tsis yog ib pawg, kom paub tseeb tias muaj kev sib xws. Tsis tas li ntawd, xyuas kom meej tias tsis muaj cov kab mob tsis zoo thiab, rau kev xa tawm, daim ntawv pov thawj phim cov cai tswjfwm ntawm koj lub khw.
Xaus lus
Yog li, cov gelatin noj tau ua li cas? Nws yog collagen, ua tib zoo pretreated, rho tawm hauv dej sov, purified, ziab, thiab milled ua hmoov khoom noj khoom haus zoo ib yam - nrog rau cov txheej txheem, tsis yog daim ntawv lo, txiav txim siab seb nws puas ua haujlwm ntawm koj kab.
Yog tias koj tab tom teev lossis rov nrhiav cov gelatin, thov kom muaj cov qauv ntawmGelken cov gelatin noj tau(80–320 Paj, hloov kho tau, qib khoom noj thiab tshuaj) thiab khiav nws raws li koj tus qauv tam sim no. Thiab thaum lub zog paj nws tus kheej dhau los ua koj cov lus nug tom ntej, peb phau ntawv qhia raunkag siab txog lub zog ntawm gelatin tawg pajyuav pab koj nyeem ib qho spec zoo li tus formulator.
